仿真食物模型对维持性血液透析患者血钾管理的效果研究

Effect of Simulated Food Model on Potassium Management in Patients with Maintenance Hemodialysis

目的:探讨仿真食物模型对维持性血液透析患者血钾管理的效果。方法:采用实验对照法,选取2017年8-12月在我院行血液透析的患者56例,对照组28人采用常规饮食宣教,实验组28人接受仿真食物模型饮食宣教,比较2组患者饮食宣教1个月、2个月、3个月后透析前的血钾水平及3个月后患者满意度。结果:实验组的血钾水平低于对照组(P<0.05),随着时间的延长,血钾水平呈下降趋势(P<0.05),血钾水平在分组与时间上存在交互效应(P<0.05),实验组血钾水平的降低比对照组更明显(P<0.05)。饮食宣教患者满意度实验组高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:仿真食物模型可促进维持性血液透析患者自觉减少高钾食物的摄入,同时也更好地维持血钾水平,且能提高患者对饮食宣教的满意度。

[Objective] To explore the effect of simulated food model on potassium management in maintenance hemodialysis patients.[Method] A total of 56 patients who received hemodialysis in our hospital from August to December 2017 were selected. 28 patients in the control group were taught by conventional diet and 28 subjects in the experimental group were received diet education with simulated food model. The serum potassium levels before dialysis and the patient satisfaction after dialysis were compared between the two groups 1 month, 2 months and 3 months after diet education.[Result] The serum potassium level of the experimental group was lower than that of the control group(P<0.05). With the extension of time, the serum potassium level showed a downward trend(P<0.05), and there was an interaction effect between the groups(P<0.05). The serum potassium level of the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).The satisfaction of diet education patients in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).[Conclusion] The simulated food model can promote the voluntary reduction of the intake of high-potassium food in maintenance hemodialysis patients and better maintain the level of blood potassium. It can also improve patients' satisfaction with diet education.