南京市江宁区居民健康素养调查

Investigation of Residents’ Health Literacy Level in Jiangning District of Nanjing City

目的了解南京市江宁区居民健康素养水平现状及其影响因素,为针对性地开展健康教育与健康促进工作提供依据。方法采用分层随机抽样的方法,选择2,186名15~69周岁江宁区常住居民进行调查。采用《中国居民健康素养监测调查问卷》评估居民的健康素养综合水平及不同维度的素养水平,并对健康素养可能的影响因素进行多因素logistic回归分析。结果本次调查的居民健康素养水平为10.7%(标化率为16.2%),基本知识和理念、健康生活方式与行为、健康技能3方面的素养水平分别为16.7%(标化率为23.4%)、21.3%(标化率为26.7%)、16.3%(标化率为23.1%)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,文化程度、年龄、年收入为人群健康素养水平的重要影响因素;性别、职业类型对健康技能也有影响。结论江宁区居民的健康素养水平总体较低,今后应针对低文化程度、低收入和老年群体以及诸如健康技能、健康生活方式与行为等薄弱环节开展健康教育与健康促进工作,以提高居民整体的健康素养。

Objective To investigate the level of residents’ health literacy and its related influencing factors in Jiangning District of Nanjing City, and to provide scientific guidance for the implementation of health education and health promotion. Methods A total of 2 186 permanent residents aged 15-69 in Jiangning District were selected by stratified random sampling. The total levels of health literacy and different dimensions were evaluated by the “National Residents Health Literacy Questionnaire”, and the possible influencing factors of health literacy were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression. Results In this survey, the total health level of residents was 10.7%(16.2% of standardized rate). Literacy levels of the basic knowledge and concept, healthy lifestyle and behaviors, health skills were 16.7%(23.4% of standardized rate), 21.3%(26.7% of standardized rate) and 16.32%(23.1% of standardized rate), respectively. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that education level, age, annual income were all the major influencing factors of health literacy levels. In addition, gender and job type had a significant impact on the literacy level of health skills. Conclusion The health literacy of residents in Jiangning was still at a low level. Health education and health promotion should be carried out in view of low educational level, low income,and elderly groups, as well as weak links such as health skills, healthy lifestyle, and behavior, in order to improve the overall health literacy of residents.