江西信丰客家话“去”的语义及语法功能

The Semantic and Grammatical Function of“qu” in Jiangxi Xinfeng Hakka Dialect

汉语及汉语方言里表示趋向意义的“去”语义丰富,语法功能众多,常由趋向意义引申出其他语义,并且语义出现虚化的现象,语法功能也逐渐虚化。信丰客家话“去”首先是趋向动词,其基本语义是“去往”,并在此基础之上,发展出趋向补语、介词和助词等语法功能。文章结合汉语及其他方言“去”的演变,探讨信丰客家话“去”的演变情况。文章认为信丰客家话“去”的语法化路径可能有两条:趋向动词>趋向补语>与事介词;趋向动词>趋向补语>事态助词>语气助词。

Chinese and Chinese dialects said directional meaning “qu” have a lot of meanings, grammatical function is numerous, usually tend to derive other semantic meaning, and semantic grammaticalization phenomenon, grammatical function is gradually weakened. The Hakka dialect in Xinfeng “qu”first directional verbs, the basic semantic meaning is “go to”, and on this basis, the development tendency of complement, preposition and auxiliary grammatical function. Combining with the evolution of Chinese and other dialects “go”, this paper explores the evolution of Xinfeng Hakka “qu”.The article thinks the grammaticalization path of Xinfeng Hakka dialect “to” may have two: directional verb > directional complement >‘giving’ preposition;directional verb>directional complement > State auxiliary>modal particle.