环境规制政策对行业就业和工资水平的差异性研究

A Study on the Differences of Employment and Wages in the Industry by Environmental Regulation Policies

环境规制政策对劳动力市场的影响广受关注,本文结合微观数据和宏观数据,从定量研究的角度分析了近年来的环境规制措施对就业和工资水平的影响。实证研究发现:虽然短期内,环境规制政策会对重污染、高耗能行业劳动者的就业时间和工资水平产生消极影响,但是从长期来看,环境规制政策使得就业结构更加清洁、合理,提升了全行业从业者的素质和人力资本水平。从工资变动的长期趋势看,环境规制政策使得高科技、低能耗行业的平均工资增速加快,增进这些行业的福利。政府要进一步用好环境规制政策,在确保劳动力市场平稳运行的同时进一步改善环境、增进人民幸福感,促进经济的高质量发展。

The impact of environmental regulation policies on the labor market has received much attention. This paper combines microdata and macro data to analyze the impact of environmental regulation measures on employment and wage levels in recent years from the perspective of quantitative research. The empirical study found that although in the short term, environmental regulation policies will have a negative impact on the employment time and wage levels of workers in heavily polluted and energy-intensive industries, in the long run, environmental regulation policies make the employment structure cleaner, more reasonable, and better. The quality of the entire industry practitioners and the level of human capital. From the long-term trend of wage changes, environmental regulation policies have accelerated the average wage growth in high-tech, low-energy industries and increased the welfare of these industries. The government should further improve the environmental regulation policy to further improve the environment, enhance people’s well-being and promote the high-quality development of the economy while ensuring the smooth operation of the labor market.