间充质干细胞与肿瘤形成的研究进展

Research Advance in Relationship between Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Tumor Formation

间充质干细胞(Mesenchymal stem cells,MSCs)具有独特的免疫调节作用、自我更新和跨胚层多向分化的潜能,存在于许多组织中并活跃地向组织损伤部位迁移,参与伤口修复。在对肿瘤的信号发生反应后,MSCs不断被招募并成为肿瘤微环境的成分。肿瘤相关MSCs(Tumor-associated MSCs, TA-MSCs)在肿瘤发生、促进、进展和转移中有重要作用。本文对MSCs在调节肿瘤细胞的存活、增殖、迁移、药物抵抗中如何发挥作用,以及MSCs对肿瘤微环境免疫状态的影响作一综述。我们强调了MSCs和其他肿瘤基质细胞之间的复杂关系,特别是炎症细胞可以改变肿瘤微环境的免疫状态,以期通过对TA-MSCs进一步的研究来取得对不同肿瘤类型和肿瘤进展不同阶段中肿瘤相关MSCs功能的更好的理解,并优化MSCs来得到更有效和安全的MSCs为基础的肿瘤治疗。MSCs已被有效用于治疗慢性炎性疾病和慢性损伤,因此,其机制方面的研究还有利于在其他疾病中合理利用MSCs从而达到疾病治疗的目的。

Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) have unique immunomodulatory effects, self-renewal and multi-differentiation potential, exist in many tissues and actively migrate to the site of tissue injury and participate in wound repair. After responding to tumor signals, MSCs are constantly recruited and become components of the tumor’s microenvironment. Tumor-associated MSCs(TA-MSCs)play an important role in tumorigenesis, promotion, progression and metastasis. This article reviews the role of MSCs in the regulation of tumor cell survival, proliferation, migration, and drug resistance, and the effect of MSCs on the immune status of tumor microenvironment. We emphasize the complex relationship between MSCs and other tumor stromal cells, especially inflammatory cells can change the immune status of the tumor microenvironment, in order to obtain a better understanding of the function of TA-MSCs in different tumor types and stages of tumor progression, and optimizing MSCs to get more effective and safe MSCs-based tumor therapy.MSCs have been effectively used for the treatment of chronic inflammatory and chronic injuries. Therefore, its mechanism research is also conducive to the use of MSCs in other diseases to achieve disease treatment.