帕金森病的临床治疗概况

Parkinson’s Disease Clinical Treatment Profile

帕金森病(Parkinson’s disease, PD),在医学上称为"原发性震颤麻痹",又称"震颤麻痹",是一种中枢神经系统变性疾病,主要是因位于中脑部位"黑质"中的多巴胺(DA)能神经元病理性改变后,多巴胺的合成减少,对与其功能相互拮抗的乙酰胆碱的抑制功能降低,则乙酰胆碱的兴奋作用相对增强。两者失衡的结果便出现了"震颤麻痹"。本综述先从PD发病机制方向总结归纳目前临床常用的西医药物(包括左旋多巴、DA降解酶抑制剂、DA受体激动剂、抗胆碱能药物)、基因治疗靶点、手术治疗(脑深部电刺激术)及物理疗法,又从中医角度整体介绍了目前中医中药治疗以及针灸治疗等。因PD对患者的日常生活及身心健康造成了严重影响,我们希望通过本综述为PD综合治疗提供更广阔的临床思路及更好的方案。

Parkinson’s disease(PD), known medically as "primary paralysis paralysis," also known as "Parkinson’s disease," is a central nervous system degenerative disorder mainly caused by the presence of "substantia nigra " In dopamine(DA) neurons pathological changes after the reduction of dopamine synthesis, and its function antagonism of acetylcholine inhibition decreased, the excitement of acetylcholine relatively enhanced. The result of the imbalance between the two appeared "paralysis of paralysis". This review firstly summarizes the current clinical medicine for western medicine in the direction of the pathogenesis of PD(including levodopa, DA degrading enzyme inhibitors, DA receptor agonists, anticholinergic drugs), gene therapy targets, surgery(DBS) and physical therapy, and also introduces the treatment of traditional Chinese medicine and acupuncture and moxibustion treatment from the point of view of traditional Chinese medicine. PD has a serious impact on patients’ daily life and physical and mental health, we hope that through this review, we will provide broader clinical ideas and better solutions for PD comprehensive treatment.