城市绿色空间与居民体力活动和体重指数的关联性研究——以大连市为例

The Correlation between Urban Green Space and Residents’ Physical Activity and Health Outcome: A Case Study of Dalian

绿色空间与体力活动的关联是环境与健康研究的重要部分。探索丘陵地势环境中不同尺度下的绿色空间与体力活动以及健康结果的关联。绿色空间通过标准化植被指数与公园可达性度量。体力活动指标应用国际体力活动问卷获取。健康指标包括心理和生理层面以及自我报告的健康状态。通过回归模型和曲线拟合探索绿色空间对结果的影响,并以社会环境为调节变量,控制人口特征。结果显示公园可达性与超重或体力活动无关。在400m和800m尺度下的植被指数与总步行负相关。在1200m和1600m两个尺度的植被指数与交通性步行负相关。1200m尺度的植被指数与中强度运动有正向关联。所有尺度下植被指数与地形坡度高度关联,但是只有400m尺度的坡度与体重指数负向关联。得益于地势优势的绿色空间还有待于进一步通过改善环境与基础设施来促进体力活动从而提供健康效益。

The relationship between green space and physical activity is an important subject of environment and health research. In this study, the author assessed whether the associations between green space and health outcomes have different dependent scales. Samples were selected randomly in Dalian, a city with especially hilly terrain. The green space was measured by the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index and the accessibility of parks. Physical activity indicators were obtained from International Physical Activity Questions. Health indicators included psychological aspects and the self-reported health status of residents. Through a regression model and curve fitting, the questions of how green space influences physical activity and health outcomes were answered, with the social environment as a moderator, controlling the social-demographic. The results showed that the park was not related to being overweight or a lack of physical activity. The NDVI at two levels (400m and 800m) had a significant negative impact on walking, but the linear relationship was loose. The NDVI at two levels (1200m and 1600m) was negatively correlated with the transport- related walking. Also, the NDVI was associated with the topographic slope, but it had a negative impact on BMI only at the 400m level. Generally speaking, there is still a need to improve the green space to create health benefits by promoting physical activity through improved environment and infrastructure.