修辞术与论辩术:论证艺术——亚里士多德散文写作理论(一)

Rhetoric and Dialectics:Argumentation Art——Aristotle’s Prose Writing Theory

亚里士多德重新定义了修辞术,将论辩术作为其核心内容。亚氏区分了逻辑的推理和辩证的推理,在后者基础上提出修辞论证。修辞论证的内容为论题、论据和结论。修辞推论、例证、夸张式推论是论辩散文常用的论证方法。亚里士多德修辞学揭开了西方修辞学史的新篇章,深刻影响了西方散文写作理论与实践。

Aristotle redefines rhetoric and sets dialectis as its core content. Aristotle distinguishes between logical reasoning and dialectical reasoning, and proposes rhetorical argumentations on the basis of the latter. The content of rhetorical arguments is the topic, arguments and conclusions. Rhetorical deductions, illustrations, and exaggerated deductions are commonly used argumentative methods for argumentative prose. Aristotle’s rhetoric unveiled a new chapter in the history of Western rhetoric, profoundly influenced the theory and practice of Western prose writing.