研究性反思:芬兰师范生教育实习探析

Research-based Reflection:An Analysis on Teacher Candidates’ Educational Practice in Finland

教育实习是师范生提升专业素质和能力的重要途径。芬兰师范生的教育实习以研究性反思为价值取向,反思基于研究、基于经历、基于情感,构建了融“反思一合作一指导”于一体的教育实习模式。芬兰研究性反思教育实习核心是指导者利用研究成果培养师范生的反思能力,通过大中小学基于实践的路径进行深度合作,并以指导者基于能力进行指导、发挥榜样作用为辅助。借鉴芬兰经验,我国的师范生教育实习需培养师范生反思能力,畅通大中小学合作机制,借助研究成果规范实习指导过程,加强对指导教师培训,拓展师范生自身潜力。

Educational practice is an important approach to improve teacher candidates’ professional qualities and capabilities. Finland has constructed the model of "reflection-cooperation-mentoring," which is oriented to research-based reflection on the basis of research,experiences and emotions. Research-based reflection focuses on the mentors’ use of research findings to guide teacher candidates to reflect by means of the in-depth cooperation between universities and teacher-training schools,and the mentors guide educational practice based on their great abilities and act as models. Based on Finland’s practice,China’s educational practice needs to cultivate teacher candidates’ reflective abilities,strengthen the mechanism for the cooperation between universities,secondary schools and primary schools,standardize the mentoring process by means of research findings,strengthen the training of mentors,and develop teacher candidates’ potentials.