触媒视角下1997—2017年皇城相府景区周边环境利用变化研究

The Change of Tourist Attractions’ Peripheral Environment Utilization of House of the Huangcheng Chancellor Based on Catalyst Theory in 1997—2017

数以百万计的旅游流纷至沓来,加速了曾经不见经传的古建筑成为知名的景区的进程。景区周边环境是封闭式景区发展的必要空间和公众休闲游憩所依托的区域,其利用好坏在一定程度上决定了封闭式景区能否持续健康发展。以明清北方民居建筑典范--皇城相府为案例,采用实地勘察法和半结构访谈方法,援引触媒理论,探讨过去20年皇城相府景区周边环境利用的触媒作用机制。研究表明,触媒作用的结果是皇城相府景区周边环境利用实现从单一到多样,从点到面,从不经济到经济的转变。具体为:起步期(1997-2003年),皇城村能人和“清代名相陈廷敬学术研讨会”两类非物质触媒刺激了景区周边环境的初步利用;成长期(2004-2010年) 5A级景区标准与资金两类非物质触媒和旅游服务配套物质触媒创造了景区周边环境的个性利用;整合期(2011-2017年)媒介宣传和全域旅游理念这两类非物质触媒强化了景区周边环境的高效利用。触媒作用的路径:物质触媒直接作用于景区周边环境;非物质触媒先促发物质触媒发生变化,二者再共同作用于景区周边环境。充分认识景区周边环境利用的触媒作用机制,最大程度发挥触媒的正面影响,为触媒后续的完善、控制和引导提供理论支撑,以优化封闭式景区周边环境利用。

With millions of tourists flow, the process of unknown ancient buildings becoming famous tourist attractions was accelerated. The tourist attractions' peripheral environment was the necessary space for the development of the enclosure tourist attractions and the public leisure and recreation. Taking House of the Huangcheng Chancellor as a case. Field survey method and semi - structured interview method were used to teases the evolution of utilization of tourist attractions' peripheral environment. There was a dramatical change of tourist attractions' peripheral environment utilization of House of the Huangcheng Chancellor based on the catalyst theory. The results of the study show that: 1.The tourist attractions' peripheral environment utilization of House of the Huangcheng Chancellor have undergone three phases of development: incubation (1997-2003),growth (2004 -2010),integration(2011 -2017). 2. The path of catalyst action: the material catalyst directly effects on the tourist attractions' peripheral environment;the immaterial catalyst first triggers the change of the material catalyst, and then the two catalysts interact on the tourist attractions' peripheral environment. Finally understand the catalyst action mechanism of the tourist attractions' peripheral environment utilization, control and guidance of the catalyst, so as to optimize the tourist attractions' peripheral environment.