中间品进口多样化、企业创新与工资水平

The Diversification of Imported Intermediate Goods,Enterprise Innovation and Wages

基于2000-2006年中国制造业企业数据库以及进出口海关数据库的匹配数据引入企业创新机制效应检验中间品进口多样化的工资溢出效应。研究表明中间品进口多样化、企业创新均能显著提高企业的工资水平。进一步考察企业的出口状态、所有制结构及企业所属地区差异后发现中间品进口多样化对出口企业、外资企业以及东部地区企业的工资影响更为显著。分位数回归结果进一步显示中间品进口多样化及企业创新对工资分布高分位企业的工资影响更为显著。基于中介效应模型的传导机制检验,认为中间品进口多样化通过节约成本、提升生产率及企业创新影响中国制造业企业工资水平的利润共享机制存在。在控制成本效应及生产率效应两种机制之后,企业创新成为中间品进口多样化作用于企业工资的新机制。

After introducing the mechanism of enterprise innovation,wage spillover effect of the diversification of imported intermediate goods is discussed based on the matching data of Chinese manufacturing enterprise database and Customs database from 2000 to 2006. It is showed that both the diversification of imported intermediate goods and enterprise innovation have significantly positive influence on employees’ wages. After considering enterprise’s export status,structure of ownership and the area it belongs to,we finds that the wage spillover effect of diversification of imported intermediate goods is more obviously for exporting,foreign-funded and eastern enterprises. The result of fractional regression further shows that the diversification of intermediate imports and enterprise innovation have more significant effects on the wages of enterprises with higher wage distribution. Based on the transmission mechanism of mediation effect model,we finds that for Chinese manufacturing enterprises,the profit-sharing mechanism by which the diversification of imported intermediate goods affects wages exists,and the mechanism covers the effect of saving cost,enhancing productivity as well as enterprise innovation. After controlling the effect of cost and productivity,enterprise innovation becomes a new mechanism for the diversification of imported intermediate goods’ impact on wages of enterprises.