成年聋人外周视觉加工优势及其原因探究——从行为到脑的研究

The Peripheral Visual Processing Advantages in Adults with Deafness

对于缺乏听觉信息输入的聋人个体而言,视觉加工的速度和准确性直接影响其生活质量。大量研究表明,成年聋人在外周视觉上存在优势,表现在运动觉察、定位以及更大的视野范围等方面。究其原因,从行为层面来看,长期的听觉损伤改变了成年聋人的注意机制,使其将更多的注意资源分配至外周视觉,并具有更加有效而快速的注意转换能力;在脑的跨通道重组的研究中,发现成年聋人在进行外周视觉加工的过程中,视觉和听觉区域无论在从初级皮层到高级皮层方面都进行了广泛的重组。在此基础上,本研究提出了未来可进一步研究的方向:聋童外周加工特征的行为与脑的研究、聋人外周视觉的眼动研究、视觉刺激对聋人听觉皮层跨通道重组的影响。

The speed and accuracy of visual processing directly affect the quality of life for the deaf individuals who are lacking the input of auditory information. A large number of studies show that deaf adults have advantages in the peripheral vision, such as motion perception, localization and larger field of vision. The reasons are that, from the behavior perspective, auditory damage alters the attention mechanism in deaf adults, and peripheral vision attention and the shifting of attention is enhanced;From the aspect of brain science, the adult deaf have extensively reorganize the visual and auditory areas from the primary to the advanced cortex in their peripheral visual processing.On the basis of this, the research proposed the directions of further research in the future, which are peripheral processing characteristics of behavior and brain research in deaf children, peripheral vision of the eye movement research in deaf individuals, and the effect of visual stimulation on cross-modal reorganization in deaf human auditory cortex.