2014-2017年濮阳市华龙区2～7岁儿童水痘发病情况及与季节变化的关系

Incidence of varicella in children aged 2-7 years in Fuyang city from 2014 to 2017 and its relationship with seasonal changes

目的探讨濮阳市华龙区2014-2017年2~7岁儿童水痘发病情况及与季节变化的关系。方法对2014-2017年近4年华龙区确诊的746例水痘患者的发病时间、年龄、季节等数据进行统计学分析。结果 746例患儿中,男387例,占51.88%;女359例,占48.12%,男∶女=1.08∶1;<4岁及以上分别统计,男女患病率均差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。746例患儿平均年龄(3.52±1.25)岁;≤4岁538例,占72.11%;>4岁208例,占27.88%;两组差异有统计学意义(χ^2=291.957,P<0.05)。4年的平均发病年龄为(3.42±1.07)岁、(3.46±1.28)岁、(3.53±1.36)岁、(3.64±1.29)岁,呈轻微逐年上升趋势,但相互之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。近4年每年1-3月、10-12月为高峰期;每年春、冬为高发季节。2016年人数最多,2017年发病人数最少。结论濮阳市华龙区2014-2017年2~7岁儿童水痘以冬春季发病较多,夏季几乎无发病病例。

Objective To investigate the incidence of varicella in children aged 2-7 years in Fuyang City from 2014 to 2017 and its relationship with seasonal changes.Methods Statistical analysis was performed on the time, age and season of 746 cases of varicella diagnosed in our outpatient department in the past 4 years.Results Of 746 children, 387 were male, accounting for 51.88%, and 359 were female, accounting for 48.12%. Male: female baboon 1.08∶1, less than 4 years old and above, there was no significant difference in male and female prevalence(P>0.05); 746 patients with mean age(3.52±1.25) years old, ≤4 years old 538 cases, accounting for 72.11%, >4 years old 208 cases, accounting for 27.88%, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(χ~2=291.957,P<0.05); The average age of 4 years was(3.42±1.07) years old,(3.46±1.28) years old,(3.53±1.36) years old,(3.64±1.29) years old, showing a slight upward trend year by year, but there was no difference between them(P>0.05); in the past four years, the peak period of January-March, October-December. Every spring and winter was a high season. The largest number of people were in 2016, the least number of cases was in 2017.Conclusion The varicella of children aged 2-7 years in Fuyang City has more incidence in winter and spring from 2014 to 2017, and there are almost no cases in summer.