科尔沁沙地沙丘水分深层渗漏量和侧向运移量

Deep Percolation and Lateral Migration of Water in Sandy Dune in the Horqin Sandy Land

沙丘水分的深层渗漏和侧向运移与深层土壤水、地下水及相邻丘间低地的水分状况密切关联。以科尔沁沙地典型流动沙丘迎风坡坡底\,迎风坡坡中、坡顶、背风坡坡中和背风坡坡底监测点为例,采用自制的水分渗漏量及侧向运移量的监测装置,测定了科尔沁沙地流动沙丘各坡位入渗到0~100 cm土层雨水沿坡面的侧向运移量及入渗到100 cm以下的深层渗漏量。结果表明:生长季(5-10月)流动沙丘坡顶、迎风坡坡中、背风坡坡中、背风坡坡底处累积深层渗漏量分别为44.46、78.65、61.84、147.6 mm,分别占同期降雨量的17.03%、30.12%、23.68%、56.53%;迎风坡坡中、背风坡坡中、背风坡坡底处的累积侧向运移量分别为32.35、96.47、82.59mm,分别占同期降雨量的12.39%、36.95%、31.63%。迎风坡坡中(P<0.01)和坡顶(P<0.05)的月深层渗漏量与月降雨量均显著正相关;背风坡坡中(P<0.01)和背风坡坡底(P<0.05)的月侧向运移量与降雨量均显著正相关。

Deep percolation and lateral flow in sandy dunes are closely related to soil water conditions of deep soil layer, ground water and interdune lowlands. In this study, we used a deep percolation and lateral flow monitoring device to measure the quantity of percolation of rainwater into the deep soil, 100 cm below ground, and the quantity of lateral flow in the 0-100 cm soil layer, in four locations of mobile sand dune: at the top, the middle of windward slope and leeward slope, and the bottom of leeward slope, during the growing season(from May to October). The result showed that during the growing season(from May to October), the quantities of percolation of rainwater into the deep soil(100 cm below) reached 44.46, 78.65, 61.84 and 147.6 mm, composing 17.03%, 30.12%, 23.68% and 56.53% of total rainfall at the top, the middle of windward slope, the middle of leeward slope, and the bottom of leeward slope, respectively. The quantities of lateral flow reached 32.35, 96.47 and 82.59 mm, composing 12.39%, 36.95% and 31.63% of total rainfall at the middle of windward slope, the middle of leeward slope, and the bottom of leeward slope, respectively. The quantities of monthly rainfall and the monthly deep percolation was significantly positive correlation at the middle of windward slope(P<0.01) and the top of the mobile sand dune(P<0.05). The quantities of monthly Rainfall and the monthly lateral flow was significantly positive correlation at the middle of leeward slope(P<0.01) and the bottom of leeward slope(P<0.05) of the mobile sand dune.