环境激素联合冷刺激诱导建立慢性少精子症大鼠模型的实验研究

Experimental study on establishment of chronic oligozoospermia rat model induced by environmental estrogens combined with cold stimulation

目的研究环境激素联合冷刺激诱导少精子症大鼠模型的建立方法,探讨其性腺轴激素改变。方法将84 只性成熟期雄性SD大鼠随机分为正常对照组(N组,12只)和造模组A(24只)、造模组B(24只)、造模组C(24只)。(各造模组分别以A、B、C 3种不同环境雌激素样复合饲料联合冷刺激进行干预,24周后,通过精子浓度与活动率检测,筛选出少精子症模型,分别设为A2、B2、C2组,未成模者为A1、B1、C1组,观测各模型组睾丸和附睾质量与形态学改变,并行睾丸Jonhsen评分后,予以系统评价,确定最佳模型后,放免法检测其性腺轴激素水平。结果(1)精子浓度与活动率A、2、C3组较N组均显著降低(P<0.05,P<0.01),成模率分别为28.6%、38.1%、28.6%;(2)精子浓度、活率及运动能力 A2、B2、C2组分别显著低于N组(P<0.01),B2组精子浓度显著低于A2、C2组(P<0.05);(3)睾丸及附睾质量A2、B2、C2 组均低于N组(P<0.05,P<0.01),B2组睾丸质量显著低于A2、C2组(P<0.01),组织形态发生病理改变,B2组最为明显;(4)Johnson评分А2、В2、С2组均显著低于N组(Р<0.01),В2组显著低于А2、С2(Р<0.01);(5)性激素水平检测В2组血清Т水平显著低于N组(P<0.01),FSH、E2、PRL水平显著高于N组(Р<0.05 ,Р<0.01)。结论(1)А、В、С 3种不同环境雌激素样饲料联合冷刺激均可诱导建立少精子症模型,其中В饲料联合冷刺激诱导效果最佳;(2)该方法诱导建立少精子症模型的同时,可出现精子运动力减弱,伴发弱精子症;(3)该模型的发生可能与性腺轴内分泌功能紊乱有关。

Objective To establish environmental estrogens combined with cold stimulation-induced oligospermia rat model, and analyze the changes of gonadal axis hormones. Methods Total of 84 normal male SD rats with sexual maturity were randomly divided into 4 groups, including the normal group (n=12) and the model group A, B, C(n=24). The rats in the model group A,В and C were consistently intervened respectively by different estrogen-like compound diets combined with cold stimulation. After 24 weeks, sperm oligospermia rat model was screened based on sperm concentration and sperm survival rate, they were set as group A2, B2, C2, and non-model rats were set as group A1,B1 and C1, and The weight and morphological changes of testis and epididymis, and Jonhson score of testis were used to determine the best model. The gonadal axis hormone level was detected by radioimmunoassay. Results The sperm concentration and sperm survival rate in group A、 B、C were all lower than those in group N (P<0.05,P<0.01 ).The success rate of oligospermia model in intervention group was 28.6%, 38.1% and 28.6%, respectively. The sperm concentration, sperm survival rate, sperm motility ability in group A2, B2, C2 were all lower than those in group N(P<0.01).The sperm concentration in group B2 was lower than that in group A2 and C2 (P<0.05).The weight of testes and epididymis in groups A2, B2, and C2 were lower than that in group N(P<0.01), and there existed a change in histological characteristics. The weight of testes in group B2 was significantly lower than that in groups A2 and C2(P<0.01), and the changes of pathological morphology were the most significant in group B2. The Jonhson score in group A2, B2, and C2 were lower than that in group N (P<0.01).The level of T in group B2 was lower than that in group N (P<0.01), and the levels of FSH, PRL, and E2 were higher than those in group N (P<0.05,P<0.01). Conclusion (1 )A, B and C estrogen-like diets combined with cold stimulation could induce the oligospermia rat model, and B diet combined with cold stimulation had the best induction effect.(2)This method can induce oligozoospermia model and reduce sperm motility, accompanied by asthenospermia.(3 )The occurrence of this model may be related to endocrine dysfunction of gonadal axis.