我国医生和护士省际分布的公平性研究

Study on the Distribution Equity of Doctors and Nurses in China

目的:评价中国医生、护士省际分布的公平性状况及变化趋势,为改善卫生资源规划相关政策提供依据。方法:采用基尼系数及公平性指数分析1978-2017年中国医生、护士分布公平性及其变化趋势。结果:全国31个省(自治区、直辖市)医生分布的基尼系数从1978年的0.188降至2017年的0.077,需要-资源公平指数由1.153降至1.024;护士分布的基尼系数从1978年的0.278降至2017年的0.077,需要-资源公平指数由1.450降至1.023。结论:改革开放以来,中国医生、护士省际分布的公平性持续改善,今后应当保持这一趋势,并采取多种方法监测评价卫生资源分布公平性的变化。

Objective: To analyze the distribution equity of doctors and nurses in China and to provide evidences on improving public policies on health resources planning and equity.Methods: Gini coefficient and equity index were employed to analyze the distribution equity of doctors and nurses in China from 1978 to 2017. Results: From 1978 to 2017, the Gini coefficient of doctors distribution was declined from 0.188 to 0.077, the NBEI was declined from 1.153 to 1.024;the Gini coefficient of nurses distribution was declined from 0.278 to 0.077,the NBEI was declined from 1.450 to 1.023. Conclusion: Since the opening-up reform, the equity of doctors and nurses in China were being improved. This trend should be continued and various methods should be utilized to monitor and assess the distribution equity of health resources in China.