儿科营养不良评估筛查工具在呼吸道疾病患儿营养风险筛查中的应用分析

Screening Tool for the Assessment of Malnutrition in Pediatrics in nutritional risk screening in children with respiratory diseases

目的探讨儿科营养不良评估筛查工具(STAMP)在呼吸道疾病患儿的营养风险筛查中的应用情况,为临床营养支持治疗提供依据。方法选取2018年1-12月江苏省如皋市人民医院收治的呼吸道疾病患儿395例,其中肺炎189例、支气管炎102例、上呼吸道感染71例、其他呼吸道疾病(主要包括喉炎、口炎、疱疹性咽峡炎等) 33例。所有患儿均采用STAMP评分进行营养风险筛查,并评价筛查结果。结果 395例呼吸道疾病患儿中,检出264例(66. 8%)存在中至高度营养不良风险;其中72例(18. 2%)存在高度营养不良风险(≥4分)。支气管炎、肺炎、上呼吸道感染、其他呼吸道疾病患儿中存在中至高度营养不良风险者比例分别为55. 9%(57/102)、66. 1%(125/189)、77. 5%(55/71)和81. 8%(27/33),其间差异有统计学意义(χ~2=10. 784,P=0. 013)。肺炎患儿存在高度营养不良风险者所占比例最高[20. 1%(38/189)]。结论呼吸道疾病患儿普遍存在营养不良风险,临床应给予STAMP进行营养风险筛查,以早日实施针对性营养干预。

Objective To assess the value of Screening Tool for the Assessment of Malnutrition in Pediatrics(STAMP) in nutritional risk screening in children with respiratory diseases. Methods A total of 395 children with respiratory diseases, including 189 cases of pneumonia, 102 cases of bronchitis, 71 cases of upper respiratory tract infection and 33 cases of other respiratory diseases(laryngitis, stomatitis and herpangina, etc.) admitted to the People′s Hospital of Rugao, Jiangsu Province from January to December 2018 were included. Nutritional risk was screened by STAMP and the testing results were evaluated. Results Among 395 children with respiratory diseases, 264 cases(66.8%) had medium to high nutritional risk;72 cases(18.2%) had high nutritional risk. Rates of medium to high nutritional risk in children with bronchitis, pneumonia, upper respiratory tract infection and other respiratory diseases were 55.9%(57/102), 66.1%(125/189), 77.5%(55/71) and 81.8%(27/33);there was a significant difference among them(χ^2=10.784, P=0.013). Children with pneumonia showed the largest rate of high nutritional risk[20.1%(38/189)]. Conclusions Nutritional risk is serious in children with respiratory diseases. Nutritional risk screening using STAMP is necessary.