广州市白云区2010—2017年5岁以下儿童死亡监测结果分析

Death monitoring of children under 5 years old in Baiyun district of Guangzhou in 2010—2017

目的分析广州市白云区2010-2017年5岁以下儿童死亡原因与变化趋势。方法选取2009年10月1日至2017年9月30日间8个统计年度广州市白云区5岁以下儿童死亡个案,回顾性分析5岁以下儿童死亡水平与变化趋势、主要死因及顺位、主要病种死因别死亡率。结果广州市白云区2010-2017年活产儿总计82 797例,监测5岁以下儿童死亡总数341例,死亡率为4. 12‰,2010-2017年5岁以下儿童死亡率整体呈下降趋势(P <0. 05)。2010-2017年,白云区5岁以下儿童死因顺位前5位依次为早产儿、先天性心脏病、感染性疾病、伤害、肿瘤,占全部5岁以下儿童死亡的70. 09%(239/341)。2010-2017年,白云区5岁以下儿童主要死因中先天性心脏病、伤害死亡率呈下降趋势(均P <0. 05),早产儿、感染性疾病和肿瘤死亡率无明显变化趋势(均P> 0. 05)。结论 2010-2017年,广州市白云区5岁以下儿童死亡率整体呈下降趋势,死因主要是早产儿、先天性心脏病、感染性疾病、伤害与肿瘤。

Objective To analyze the causes and variation of death of children under 5 years old in Baiyun district of Guangzhou from 2010 to 2017. Methods Deaths of children under 5 years old in Guangzhou Baiyun District were recorded from October 1st, 2009 to September 30th, 2017. Changing trend of mortality, main causes and ranks of death and cause-specific mortality rates were retrospectively analyzed. Results The total number of live births was 82 797. The total number of deaths of children under 5 years old was 341 and the mortality was 4.12‰. From 2010 to 2017, the mortality of children under 5 years old showed a downtrend(P<0.05). The top five causes of death were premature birth, congenital heart diseases, infectious diseases, injuries and tumors, accounting for 70.09%(239/341). Among the main death causes, rates of congenital heart diseases and injuries was declining from 2010 to 2017(both P<0.05). There was no significant change of mortality caused by premature birth, infectious diseases and tumors(all P>0.05). Conclusions From 2010 to 2017, the mortality of children under 5 years old in Baiyun district of Guangzhou shows a downward trend. The main causes of death are premature birth, congenital heart diseases, infectious diseases, injuries and tumors.