猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒引起猪生殖道感染的研究进展

Research progress of porcine reproductive tract infection caused by porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus

为寻找可能的猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)新受体,PRRSV诱导细胞凋亡的新机制提供新的思路,同时为PRRSV的防治提供进一步的理论指导,结合国内外研究报道,讨论了PRRSV引起猪生殖道感染的原因,PRRSV在猪生殖组织中的靶细胞及其诱导的细胞凋亡,病毒在生殖组织中引起的病变。指出,猪体生殖道感染由病毒血症引起,PRRSV可感染公猪睾丸组织非成熟的精细胞和间质巨噬细胞,可感染母猪卵巢和子宫的巨噬细胞但不可感染卵细胞,诱导公猪睾丸和母猪卵巢生发上皮细胞和生殖细胞、子宫内膜细胞的凋亡,可引起公猪精液间断性带毒和质量下降以及母猪卵巢囊肿。在妊娠晚期的感染母猪中,子宫和胎盘易感引起胎儿的感染,在感染过程中病毒诱导母胎界面细胞凋亡增加,加速胎盘从子宫中剥离,同时引起子宫内膜炎和血管炎。PRRSV在生殖组织诱导的细胞凋亡多发生于未感染的细胞。

Based on domestic and foreign literature reports,this study had explored the cause of porcine reproductive tract infection(RTI) induced by porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus(PRRSV),the target cells of PRRSV in porcine reproductive tissues and the apoptosis that it caused,as well as the virus-resulted lesion in the reproductive tissues,so as to search for the potential new receptor for PRRSV,provide a new thinking for the new mechanism of PRRSV inducing apoptosis,and provide further theoretical foundation for the prevention and treatment of PRRSV.Our study suggested that,the porcine RTI was caused by viremia,PRRSV could infect the immature sperm cells and interstitial macrophages in boar testis,as well as the ovarian and uterine macrophages in sow,but it would not infect the ova.In addition,PRRSV would induce the apoptosis of epithelial cells,germ cells and endometrial cells in boar testis and sow ovary;besides,it could also induce intermittent poisoned semen in boar and quality decline,as well as ovarian cyst in sow.In the infected sow at late pregnancy,the fetus was susceptible to the infection by uterus and placenta;meanwhile,the virus would induce increased apoptosis of cells on the maternal-fetal interface during the infection process,which would accelerate placental abruption from the placenta,in the meantime of inducing endometritis and vasculitis.The PRRSV-induced apoptosis in reproductive tissues was mainly observed in the unaffected cells.