老年阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征临床特点分析

Clinical features of senileobstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome

目的 本研究通过对老年和中青年阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)患者的临床资料进行对比分析,探讨老年OSAHS患者的临床特点。方法 本研究共收集符合纳入标准患者135例,填写临床信息调查表,建立数据库,并进行统计学分析。结果 135例患者中,老年68例,中青年67例。其中男111例(82.2%),男性患者数明显高于女性;两组患者平均体质指数绝大多数超过25kg/m2;两组患者AHI指数分布、AHI指数平均值、最低SaO2%之间差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05);ESS嗜睡量表评分方面,老年组与中青年组分别为(17.13±3.31)分、(14.85±4.13)分,两组患者ESS评分之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。老年组合并脑卒中、冠心病、慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)的患者居多,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论 阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征男性发病率高,老年患者嗜睡表现更为明显,老年患者常合并脑卒中、冠心病、COPD等疾病。通过分析老年与中青年OSAHS患者临床特点的差异,为诊断与治疗老年OSAHS提供临床依据。

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of elderly patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS)by comparing the clinical data of elderly patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS)with those of young and middle-aged patients.Methods 135 patients who met the inclusion criteria were collected;the clinical information questionnaire was filled out;the database was established;and statistical analysis was carried out.Results Of the 135 patients,68 were elderly and 67 were young and middle-aged.Among them,111 cases(82.2%)were male,the incidence of the male was significantly higher than that of the female.The average body mass indexes(BMI)of the two groups were more than 25 kg/m2,and the majority of them were overweight.There were no statistcal differences in the distribution of AHI index,the average value of AHI index,and the lowest SaO2%between the two groups(all P>0.05).The scores of ESS in the elderly group and the young and middle-aged group were(17.13±3.31)and(14.85±4.13),respectively,with a statistical difference(P<0.05).The elderly patients with stroke,coronary heart disease,and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)were the most common,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.001).Conclusion Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS)has a high incidence in males,especially in elderly patients.Elderly patients are often complicated with stroke,coronary heart disease,COPD,and other diseases.To provide clinical basis for early diagnosis and treatment of elderly patients with OSAHS,the differences of clinical characteristics between elderly and young OSAHS patients should be analyzed.