我国部分地区谷物中脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇含量检测分析

Detection and analysis of deoxynivalenol content in cereals in some areas of china

目的描述我国部分地区主要谷物脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(Deoxynivalenol,DON)污染率及污染水平,探讨谷物DON污染现状。方法采用分层随机抽样收集全国18个省份市售谷物样本7类,应用酶联免疫吸附法检测DON含量。结果DON检出率由高到低依次为青稞(100.0%),玉米(90.6%),黄豆(85.7%),大米(81.3%),绿豆(76.1%),面粉(74.1%),小米(69.8%);DON平均值由高到低依次为玉米(266.1±326.1)μg/kg,面粉(168.6±219.5)μg/kg,黄豆(161.7±123.4)μg/kg,大米(152.9±199.5)μg/kg,绿豆(136.6±94.9)μg/kg,青稞(120.3±32.8)μg/kg,小米(118.4±93.4)μg/kg。结论我国谷物普遍受到DON污染,其中青稞、玉米、黄豆、大米的检出率均超过80%,从含量上看玉米污染严重,且有个别样本DON含量超出国家限量标准。

Objective To describe the contamination rate and pollution level of deoxynivalenol in the main cereals in some areas of China,and to discuss the current status of DON pollution.Methods A stratified random sampling was used to collect seven types of cereal samples commercially available in 18 provinces nationwide.The DON content was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results The detection rates of DON from high to low were highland barley(100.0%),corn(90.6%),soybean(85.7%),rice(81.3%),mung bean(76.1%),flour(74.1%)and millet(69.8%);and the average levels of DON from high to low was corn(266.1±326.1)μg/kg,flour(168.6±219.5)μg/kg,soybean(161.7±123.4)μg/kg,rice(152.9±199.5)μg/kg,mung bean(136.6±94.9)μg/kg,highland barley(120.3±32.8)μg/kg,millet(118.4±93.4)μg/kg.Conclusion The grain of China is generally polluted by DON.The detection rate of highland barley,corn,soybean and rice are all over 80%.In terms of DON content,corn was seriously polluted,and the DON content of some samples exceeded the national limit.