摘要
发展循环经济可以有效解决资源短缺和环境危机,而再制造是实现循环经济的有效手段之一。原始制造商为了专注于核心业务(新产品制造),同时又能获得再制造带来的收益,可以通过知识产权转让将再制造业务外包出去(即外包再制造)。为分析外包再制造业务对供应链成员的影响,基于分散决策与集中决策两种情况,构建制造/再制造博弈模型,进一步,对比分析外包再制造对分散与集中决策供应链竞争机制和供应链利润影响,并给出了供应链协调机制。研究表明:原始制造商不采取外包再制造时,再制造出现会减少新产品销售量和原始制造商收益,也即再制造对原始制造商是一种威胁;当原始制造商采取外包再制造时,不仅可以改变其市场竞争不利地位,还可以增加其收益。集中决策时,不仅可以降低单位产品零售价格,促进再制造产品销售,减少新产品销售,增加制造/再制造供应链整体收益,还可以促进废旧产品回收,也即,集中决策可以使制造/再制造供应链达到整体最优,而特许经营契约可以使制造/再制造供应链达到整体最优,实现制造/再制造供应链协调。与单位新产品对环境造成影响比,单位再制造产品对环境造成影响小于某一阀值时,集中决策不仅有利于提高供应链收益,还可以增加环境效益。
Developing circular economy could effectively solve resource shortage and environmental crisis,and remanufacturing is one of the effective channels to realize circular economy.Remanufacturing would reduce the market share of new products and pose a certain threat to original equipment manufacturer(OEM).However,OEM owns the intellectual property rights of the product and is protected by the intellectual property rights.And at the same time,OEM considers that it lacks of remanufacturing technology and the recycling network of used products is not perfect;thus,during developing remanufacturing,OEM will choose outsourcing manufacturing through intellectual property rights in order to change the disadvantage in market competition and get remanufacture revenues.The game model between OEM and remanufacturer are respectively constructed for decentralized and centralized decision-making in order to analyze the influence of outsourcing remanufacturing on the members of the supply chain.The impact of outsourcing remanufacturing on supply chain competition mechanism and profit of supply chain are comparatively analyzed based on the decentralized and centralized decision-making model,and more,the coordination mechanism of supply chain is provided.The results are as follows:Remanufacturing will reduce the sales of new products and OEM’s revenue when the OEM does not adopt outsourcing remanufacturing;that is,remanufacturing is a threat to the OEM.OEM could not only change its disadvantage in market competition but also increase its profit through outsourcing remanufacturing.Making centralized decisions could not only reduce the unit retail price,promote the sales of remanufactured products,reduce the sales of new products,increase the overall profit of the manufacturing/remanufacturing supply chain,but also promote the recycling of used products,i.e.,making centralized decisions could make manufacturing/remanufacturing supply chain to achieve overall optimality,and the franchise contract could make the manufacturing/remanufacturing supply chain to be coordinated.When the ratio between the impact of unit remanufactured products on the environment and the impact of unit new products on the environment is less than a certain threshold,the centralized decision-making not only helps to improve the supply chain profitability,also increase the environmental benefits.
作者
夏西强
耿涌
朱庆华
XIA Xi-qiang;GENG Yong;ZHU Qing-hua(Business School of Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou Henan 450001,China;School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China;Antai College Economics & Management,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 202030,China)
出处
《中国人口·资源与环境》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第6期168-176,共9页
China Population,Resources and Environment
基金
国家自然科学青年基金资助项目“基于再制造设计的第三方再制造闭环供应链协调机制研究”(批准号:71702174)
国家自然科学基金重大项目“经济发展新常态下的绿色低碳转型特征与模式研究”(批准号:71690241)
国家自然科学基金重点国际合作项目“中国社会经济绿色低碳发展的规律研究”(批准号:71810107001)
国家自然基金重点资助项目“可持续供应链协同管理与创新”(批准号:71632007)
