蒸汽吞吐稠油井降回压探索与实践

Practice of Reducing Backpressure in Steam-stimulated Heavy Oil Wells

蒸汽吞吐稠油井生产过程中高回压问题比较普遍。目前降低回压普遍采用增加掺液量、电加热降粘、井口火管炉降粘等举措,虽然对降低回压有一定效果,但存在成本高、安全风险高、管理难度大问题。高回压产生主要原因是原油黏度高、掺水系统不完善、油井低产及双管流程功能单一。在原因分析基础上针对性提出完善掺水系统、多级并线改造、三管流程应用三项对策。在X作业区现场应用后,高回压油井数量降低,恢复低产能井11口。

The problem of high back pressure is common in the production of heavy oil wells with steam stimulation.At present,measures such as increasing liquid content,electric heating and viscosity reduction are commonly adopted to reduce backpressure.Although these measures have certain effect on reducing backpressure,they have disadvantages of high cost,high risk and difficult management.The main causes of high backpressure are high viscosity of crude oil,imperfect water mixing system,low production of oil wells and single function of dual-pipe process.Based on the analysis of the causes,three countermeasures are put forward such as improving water mixing system,multi-level parallel line transformation and application of three-pipe process.After field application in X operation area,the number of high back pressure wells decreased and 11 low productivity wells were restored.