知识共享是“圈子游戏”吗?——文化价值观与圈内/圈外知识共享实证研究

Is Knowledge Sharing Just an In-Group Game?——An Empirical Study of Cultural Values and In-Group/Out-Group Knowledge Sharing

聚焦中国职场中颇具代表性的圈内人/圈外人身份,探讨了圈内/圈外知识共享、文化价值观以及文化价值观与圈内/圈外知识共享之间关系的代际差异。基于对中船重工149位年轻样本和168位年长样本的问卷调查数据进行实证研究。结果显示,年轻和年长样本的圈内知识共享均显著高于圈外知识共享;年轻样本的各文化价值观变量均值均显著低于年长样本;不考虑代际差异时,集体主义、面子取向显著促进圈内知识共享但显著抑制圈外知识共享,人情取向显著促进圈内知识共享但对圈外知识共享无显著影响,长期取向、关系取向、和谐取向对圈内/圈外知识共享均产生显著积极影响;考虑代际差异时,年轻和年长样本的大部分结论与总体样本一致,但在年轻样本中,长期取向、和谐取向对圈内/圈外知识共享的影响较为凸出,集体主义对圈外知识共享无显著消极影响,而在年长样本中,关系取向对圈内/圈外知识共享的影响最明显,面子取向对圈内知识共享无显著积极影响。

By focusing on the typical Chinese workplace identities: in-group member and out-group member, it discussed the intergenerational differences in in-group/out-group knowledge sharing, cultural values orientation, and the relationships between cultural values and in-group/out-group knowledge sharing. Through a field survey of 149 young samples and 168 senior samples of China Shipbuilding Industry Corporation, it derives the following conclusions: in-group knowledge sharing is significantly higher than out-group knowledge sharing in both young and senior samples;the mean scores of six representative cultural value variables of young samples are significantly lower than senior samples’;without considering intergenerational differences, collectivism and face orientation have significantly positive effects on in-group knowledge sharing and have negative effects on out-group knowledge sharing;renqing orientation positively affects in-group knowledge sharing and has no significant effect on out-group knowledge sharing;long-term orientation, guanxi orientation, and harmony orientation have significantly positive effects on ingroup/out-group knowledge;when considering intergenerational differences, although most results of young and senior samples are consistent with overall samples’, in young samples, the effects of long-term orientation and harmony orientation on in-group/out-group knowledge are more prominent, and collectivism has no significant negative effect on out-group knowledge sharing;in senior samples, the effect of guanxi orientation on in-group/out-group knowledge is most significant, and face orientation has no significantly positive effect on in-group knowledge sharing.