3种不同方式提取鳕鱼鱼鳔胶原蛋白与胶原蛋白肽的基本特性研究

Characterization of three kinds of collagens and collagen peptides extracted from cod swim bladder

目的研究3种不同提取方式所制备的大西洋鳕鱼(Gadus macrocephalus)鱼鳔胶原蛋白与胶原蛋白肽的基本特性。方法采用低温酸溶提取酸溶性胶原蛋白(acid-soluble collagen,ASC),热水抽提明胶(gelatin,GEL),复合蛋白酶酶解制备鳕鱼鱼鳔肽(swim bladder peptides,SWP)对鳕鱼鱼鳔中胶原蛋白的特性进行研究。对提取的胶原蛋白与胶原蛋白肽进行感官评定、SDS-PAGE电泳分析、紫外光谱分析、傅里叶红外光谱分析、氨基酸组成分析与扫描电镜分析。结果 ASC、GEL与SWP 3种胶原蛋白与胶原蛋白肽的提取率分别为42.15%、72.20%与89.11%,且羟脯氨酸的含量为8.73%、8.97%与7.94%;SDS-PAGE图谱显示ASC至少由2条α链与1条β链组成,GEL中存在少量的α链,SWP中α链与β链被降解。紫外光谱结果显示3种蛋白在230nm波长处均有最大吸收;扫描电镜结果显示ASC与GEL具有一定的交联结构,SWP中无交联结构存在。结论 3种不同提取方式制备的胶原蛋白与胶原蛋白肽具有不同的特性。

Objective To study the characterizations of collagen from Atlantic cod swim bladder prepared by three different extraction methods.Methods Acid soluble collagen(ASC)was extracted by acid soluble method at low temperature;Gelatin(GEL)was extracted by hot water;Swim bladder peptides(SWP)were extracted by enzymatic hydrolysis with protamex.The products were characterized by sensory evaluation,SDS-PAGE electrophoretic analysis,ultraviolet spectral analysis,Fourier infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),amino acid composition analysis and Scanning electron microscopy(SEM).Results The extraction rates of three kinds of collagen were 42.15%,72.20%and 89.11%,respectively.The contents of hydroxyproline of them were 8.73%,8.97%and 7.94%.The atlas of SDS-PAGE showed that ASC was composed of at least twoαchains and oneβchain;the GEL contained a small number ofαchains;theαandβchains were degraded in SWP.The results of scanning electron microscopy showed that ASC and GEL had a certain cross-linking structure and there was no cross-linking structure in SWP.Conclusion The collagens prepared by three kinds of extraction methods had different characteristics.