海胆药材的商品调查及热重分析

Commodity survey and thermogravimetric analysis of sea urchins

目的对市售海胆药材进行商品调查,并研究其热稳定性。方法在国内沿海3市实地调查并收集海胆样品;用热重法(TG)及差示扫描量热法(DSC)对7个品种的海胆进行分析。结果经调查发现海胆药材商品流通量小,共有7个市售物种。其中马粪海胆和海刺猬为主流品种,虾夷马粪海胆为日本引进品种。海胆的TG曲线基本一致,均有2个失重阶段,第一阶段为27~529℃,质量损失为2.38%~5.06%;第二阶段在612~805℃,质量损失为38.89%~40.41%;DSC曲线中,海胆样品在27至600℃区间均具1个较强吸热尖峰、1个吸热宽峰和2个放热峰,其中细雕刻肋海胆的2个放热峰极弱;哈氏刻肋海胆、虾夷马粪海胆可见1个较弱放热峰和1个放热宽峰。结论7个品种市售海胆药材的热稳定性较好,并可通过热分析中的特征峰数量、位置、峰形和峰值大小等鉴别几种海胆。

Objective The commercial investigation of sea urchins in herbal markets was carried out and their thermal stability was studied.Methods Field investigation and collection of sea urchin samples were carried out in three coastal cities of China;Seven species of sea urchin samples were analyzed by thermogravimetry(TG)and differential scanning calorimetry(DSC).Results According to the survey,the commodity circulation of sea urchin was small,and there were 7 species on the market.Of which Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus(A.Agassiz)and Glyptocidaris crenularis(A.Agassiz)were the mainstream species,Strongylocentrotus intermedius were introduced from Japan.The thermogravimetric curves of sea urchins were basically the same,with two weightlessness stages.At the first stage,the weightlessness rate was 2.38%~5.06%at 27~529℃,at the second stage,the weightlessness rate was38.89%~40.41% at 612~805 ℃.Differential scanning calorimetry analysis showed that sea urchin samples had one strong endothermic peak,one broad endothermic peak and two exothermic peaks in the range of 27~600 ℃,of which the two exothermic peaks of Temnopleurus toreumaticus(Leske)was very weak,and one weak exothermic peak and one broad exothermic peak were visible in Temnopliurus hardwickii(Gray)and Strongylocentrotus intermedius.Conclusion Seven species of sea urchins had good thermal stability and could be identified by the number,location,shape and size of characteristic peaks in thermal analysis.