选择性置钉固定在青少年特发性脊柱侧弯矫形中的研究进展

The research progress of selective pedicle screws fixation in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis orthopaedics

青少年特发性脊柱侧弯矫形手术中,后路椎弓根螺钉内固定术由于其良好的矫形效果,已成为目前临床上广泛应用的术式。但椎弓根钉置入增多会增加脊髓损伤的风险,同时全节段椎弓根螺钉固定存在手术时间长,出血量增加,植骨床减少,手术费用昂贵等弊端。近年来有学者提出选择性节段置钉固定,其认为选择关键椎体固定具有缩短手术时间、减少手术创伤及术中失血、增加植骨床、降低手术费用等优点。该文通过复习近年来发表的相关文献,就青少年特发性脊柱侧弯矫形手术中椎弓根螺钉的应用及椎弓根螺钉固定方式的研究进展做一综述,可为今后的相关研究提供参考。

The posterior pedicle screw fixation has become the current widely used surgical approach for orthopaedics of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis due to its good orthopedic effect.However,the increased pedicle screw placement will increase the risk of spinal cord injury,while all pedicle screw fixation surgery has the disadvantages of a long operation time,increased intraoperative blood loss,bone graft reduction and expensive surgical cost.In recent years,some scholars put forward selective pedicle screw fixation and believes that the choice of key vertebral fixation has the advantages of shortening the operation time,reducing surgical trauma and intraoperative blood loss,increasing the amount of bone graft bed,reducing the cost of surgery,etc.The review summarizes application of pedicle screws in orthopaedics of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis and the research progress of pedicle screw fixation to provide references for future research.