非衍生化溶剂体系制备再生纤维素膜及其性能研究

Preparation of Cellulose Membrane in Non-derivative Solvents and Its Properties

以NaOH/尿素/硫脲、[Amim]Cl、[Amim]Cl/DMF和氯化胆碱/尿素低共熔溶剂4种溶剂作为纤维素浆粕的溶剂体系并制备再生纤维素膜。采用红外光谱、X射线衍射、热重分析、扫描电镜和万能材料试验机对再生纤维素及再生纤维素膜进行结构表征。结果表明,将纤维素溶解在不同溶剂体系中,再生纤维素晶型均由纤维素Ⅰ型转变为纤维素Ⅱ型,再生纤维素的结晶度、热稳定性及再生纤维素膜的力学性能均有不同程度的降低。从再生纤维素膜性能及成本核算方面考虑,[Amim]Cl/DMF溶剂体系制备再生纤维素膜效果最佳。

Regenerated cellulose membranes were prepared in the presence of four types of solvent systems,namely NaOH/urea/thiourea,[Amim]Cl,[Amim]Cl/DMF and choline chloride/urea.Regenerated celluloses and regenerated cellulose membranes were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),X-ray diffraction(XRD),thermogravimetry analysis(TGA),scanning electron microscope(SEM)and a universal tensile tester.It was found that the crystalline structure of regenerated celluloses transformed from cellulose I to cellulose II.Furthermore,the crystallinity,thermal stability and mechanical strength decreased.Considering the optimum properties of regenerated cellulose membranes and economic cost,the[Amim]Cl/DMF was the optimal solvent system for preparing the regenerated cellulose membranes.