上海市静安区高龄住院患者慢性肾脏病患病率和危险因素研究

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Chronic Kidney Disease in the Hospitalized Senile in Jing’an District, Shanghai

目的了解上海市静安区高龄住院人群中慢性肾脏病(chronic kidney disease,CKD)的流行状况及危险因素。方法收集2018年9—12月间复旦大学附属静安区中心医院高龄住院患者230例(所有研究对象≥80岁),分为80岁组(80~84)、85岁组(85~89)以及90岁及以上组(≥90)。收集受试者清晨空腹血和尿液标本测量肾损伤及相关危险因素的指标,用CKD-EPI(CysC-SCr)公式作为肾小球滤过率的评估标准。结果CKD总患病率为59.6%,女性患病率67.3%,男性患病率52.8%,不同性别之间CKD患病率有统计学差异(χ^2=4.957,P=0.026)。80岁组CKD患病率为44.9%,85岁组患病率为61.8%,90岁组患病率为80.8%。全部CKD患者中、1期占2.6%、2期占37.8%、3期占52.6%、4期和5期占7%。Logistic回归显示该地区高龄住院人群中高血压是影响该人群CKD的独立危险因素。结论上海市静安区高龄住院人群CKD的患病率比较高,且随着年龄增加而增加,高血压是影响CKD的独立危险因素。

Objective To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the hospitalized senile in Jing'an District,Shanhai.Methods 230 hospitalized senile (aged ≥90) were selected during the period from Sept.,2018 to Dec.,2018 and were divided into 3 groups: 80 years group (aged from80 to 84 years),85 years group (aged from 85 to 89 years) and 90 years group (aged ≥90 years);the morning fasting venous blood and urine samples of the senile were collected to detect the index of renal injury and related risk factors;the CKD-EFP(CysC-SCr)formula was taken as the evaluation criteria of glomerular filtration rate (GFR).Results The total prevalence of CKD was 59.6% while that was 67.3% in female and 52.8% in male,there existed a statistical difference in prevalence between males and females (χ^2=4.957,P=0.026);the prevalence of CKD was 44.9%in 80 years group,61.8%in 85 years group and 80.8%in 90 years group;of all the CKD cases,2.6%were in stage 1,37.8%in stage 2,52.6%in stage 3,and 7%in stage 4 and stage 5;logistic regression analysis indicated that hypertension was the independent risk factor of CKD in the hospitalized senile in the district.Conclusions The prevalence of CKD is high in the hospitalized senile in Jing'an District,Shanghai and it goes up with age growth;hypertension is the independent risk factor of CKD.