亚里士多德幸福观探讨

Aristotle’s View of Happiness

亚里士多德在《尼各马可伦理学》中,通过提出伦理学的根本问题:好生活(幸福)是什么?引出幸福的结论——幸福在于自满自足和合乎德性的实现活动。他认为幸福是最高善和人生追求的终级目标,其他一切手段善都是为实现幸福这一目的善而提供有用工具。亚里士多德通过分析伦理德性和理智德性与幸福之间的关系,以及阐述两种不同的活动(实践的活动和思辨的活动)得出,思辨的活动是最完满,最幸福的。通过分析亚里士多德的幸福观,对于我们反思对“幸福”的理解,实现幸福具有重要的意义。

In Nicomachean Ethics,Aristotle raises the fundamental question of ethics: What is a good life (happiness)? It leads to the conclusion that happiness lies in the activities of self-complacency and virtue.He believes that happiness is the highest virtue and the ultimate goal of life.All other means of goodness are useful tools for the realization of goodness for the purpose of happiness.Aristotle analyzed the relationships between ethical virtue,rational virtue and happiness,and elaborated on two different activities (practical activities and speculative activities),he concluded that speculative activities are the mos perfect and happy.Through the analysis of Aristotle's concept of happiness,it is of great significance for us to reflect on our understanding of "happiness" and realize happiness.