论中世纪西欧城市法与海商法的发展及其影响

On the Development and Influence of Medieval City Law and Maritime Law

中世纪被普遍认为是欧洲社会发展的“黑暗时期”,然而正是这一时期西欧诞生了一系列独立的城市,并不断发展壮大。城市的发展产生了独特的城市法,城市对外贸易的需要又促进了海商法的发展,两者都主张主体地位平等和契约自由,具有反封建的因素。中世纪的城市法和海商法既受到罗马法和古希腊海商法的影响,又影响了近代民商法,其对法律思维和法律制度的影响延续至今。

The middle age was once considered as a dark time which the society stop developing.But the development of west Europe independent cities proved the unique city law and continued to develop.The external trade of cities promoted the development of maritime law.Both proposed equal right and free contract which had some facts of anti-feudalism.City law and maritime law both influenced by the Roma law and ancient Hellenic maritime law and made a significant role in the development of modern civil law.The influence of the system and the thinking way of city law and maritime law continue to now.