新中国成立70年幼儿园课程的历史变迁

The Historical Changes of Kindergarten Curriculum over the Past 70 Years Since the Founding of the People’s Republic of China

新中国成立70年来,我国幼儿园课程发生了巨大变化:在课程模式上,从全国统一实施分科课程到形成百花齐放的课程模式;在课程目标上,从以社会为本位到以儿童为本位;在课程内容选择上,从以知识为中心到以儿童的经验为中心;在课程组织实施上,从单一地集中授课到以游戏为基本活动,创造性地采用多种手段促进儿童发展;在课程评价上,从测量儿童的学习成效,对教师进行教学检查,到评估课程的价值,为课程研究及幼儿园课程改进提供依据。70年的幼儿园课程史赋予我们的启示是:幼儿园课程建设应立根于中国优秀文化传统;应拥有国际视野,同时高度重视本土化建设工作;应牢固树立“以儿童为中心”的观念。

Since the founding of the People's Republic of China,great changes have taken place in Chinese kindergarten curriculum,in terms of curriculum model,from the unified implementation of separate courses throughout the country to the formation of a variety of curriculum models;in terms of curriculum objectives,from society-oriented to child-oriented;in terms of curriculum content selection,from knowledge-centered to experience-centered;in terms of curriculum organization and implementation,from single centralized teaching to play-based activities,with various means creatively adopted to promote children's development;in curriculum evaluation,from measuring children's learning effectiveness and checking on teachers'teaching,to evaluating the value of curriculum,so as to provide a basis for curriculum research and improvement.The inspirations of 70 years'kindergarten curriculum history are that kindergarten curriculum construction should be rooted in China’s excellent cultural tradition,pay attention to globalization and localization,and firmly establish the concept of“childcenteredness”.