大麻素2型受体在中枢神经系统疾病中的作用

Endocannabinoid receptor type 2 in central nervous system disorders

内源性大麻素系统包括内源性大麻素(endogenous cannabinoid,eCB)、eCB合成降解的酶、以及大麻素受体(cannabinoid receptor type1,CB1R;cannabinoid receptor type2,CB2R)。以往认为CB1R主要表达在中枢神经系统的神经元,CB2R则主要表达在周围免疫细胞。大量研究表明CB2R也表达在某些特定脑区,并发挥一定的神经保护作用。该文针对CB2R及其在阿尔茨海默病、外伤性脑损伤、颅内出血及癫痫中的作用进行综述。

The endocannabinoid system is composed of endocannabinoids, enzymes for the biosynthesis and degradation of endocannabinoids, and specific cannabinoid receptors(cannabinoid receptor type 1, CB1R;cannabinoid receptor type 2, CB2R). The previous view is that CB1Rs are mainly expressed in the central neurons, whereas CB2Rs are predominantly expressed in peripheral immune cells.However, there is emerging strong evidence that CB2Rs are moderately expressed and function in specific brain areas.CB2Rs in the central nervous system(CNS)takes part in occurrence and progression of Alzheimer′s disease, traumatic brain injury, intracranial hemorrhage and epilepsy.This review summarizes the CB2Rs and the effect in central nervous system disorders.