作为新兴权利司法保护方法的一般人格权

The General Personality Right As a Method of Judicial Protection for Emerging Rights

在我国司法政策和司法解释中不同于德国法的一般人格权观念,尽管并非出于保护新兴权利的考虑,但奠定并催生了一般人格权的立法化进程。《民法总则》第109条和第110条,既是我国既有司法解释所规定进路的合理发展,也是对我国民法人格权体系的重构。需要重新认识一般人格权的性质及其与具体人格权的关系,重新认识一般人格权与其他人格利益概念在制度功能和实现方法的分野与衔接。以人身自由和人格尊严为基本内涵的一般人格权,其能够以权利身份的方式解决其意义射程之内的人格利益保护问题,但也受到其基本内涵的局限。保护或不保护一般人格权和具体人格权之外的人格利益问题仍然绕不开司法解释所创造的“其他人格利益”的范畴和机制。

The concept of general personality right in our judicial policy and judicial interpretation is different from German law, which is not for considering the protection of emerging rights, but laid a foundation for the legislation process of general personality right. Both the general personality right stipulated in the 109th provisions and the 110th specific personality rights in the general principles of civil law are not only the reasonable development of our existing judicial interpretation, but also the reconstruction of the personality right system of our civil law. We need to recognize the nature of the general personality right and its relationship with the specific personality right, we also should understand the division and connection between the general personality right and other personality interests concepts in the system function and the realization method. Personal freedom and personal dignity are the basic values of general personality rights. On the one hand, it should solve the personal interest protection in the way of right identity, on the other hand, it should be restricted by the two values of personal freedom and personal dignity, but The problem of protecting or not protecting the personality interests outside the general personality rights and the specific personality rights still does not go around the category of other personal interests created by judicial interpretation.