环境行政处罚裁量基准的多元共治路径探析

Research on the Multi-governing Path of Environmental Administrative Punishment Discretion Standards

环境行政处罚裁量基准制度中的多元共治具有重要的意义,它有助于实现环境法的公众参与原则,促进裁量基准规则内容的合理性和可接受性。但行政裁量基准理论与环境法学的多元共治理论存在多方面的理论抵牾,包括自制与他制控权逻辑的分歧、技术理性的不匹配以及操作层面对行政效率造成阻碍等问题。这些问题并不排斥裁量基准中的多元共治,而是揭示了有限多元共治路径的应然选择。这种多元共治路径的有限性表现在主体、对象和程序三方面。通过有限的多元共治,可以发挥裁量基准的软法治理特点,促进环境行政处罚裁量基准规则内容的理性化和控权功能的实现。

The multi-governance in environmental administrative punishment discretion standards is meaningful. It contributes to realize the public participation principle of environmental law and promote the rationality and acceptability of the rules of discretion standards. But the theory of administrative discretion standards is conflict with the multi-governance theory of environmental law from several aspects. The contradictions contain divergence of power control logics between self-control and exterior control,mismatching of technological reason and obstacle to administrative efficiency of practical perspective. These problems cannot reject the multi-governance of discretion standards,while they reveal the option of limited multi-governing path that ought to be chose. The limitation of this path reflects in the subject,object and procedure. Through the limited multi-governance,the soft law feature of discretion standards could be more significant and the content of discretion standards could be more rational. Then the power control function of discretion standards could be enhanced.