氮肥用量对绿豆品种皖科绿3号农艺性状及氮肥利用率的影响

Effects of Nitrogen on Agronomic Traits and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Mung Bean Cultivar Wankelü 3

为了研究氮肥用量对绿豆品种皖科绿3号产量的影响,设计4种氮肥水平(0、30、60、90kg/hm^2),对不同处理中植株地上部干物质积累、叶绿素含量、单株荚数、产量等性状进行分析。试验结果表明:增施氮肥有助于提高干物质积累和叶绿素含量,尤其在苗期和开花期可使绿豆保持较高的叶绿素含量。根瘤数量、鲜重和干重随着氮肥施用量的增加表现出先增加后减小的趋势。株高、分枝数随着施氮量的增加而增加。氮肥水平对单株荚数、产量和氮肥农学利用率的影响效果相似,随着氮肥水平的升高,这3种性状表现为先增加后减小的趋势,在60kg/hm^2的氮肥处理达最大值。该结果同时也表明氮肥主要通过单株荚数影响绿豆产量。氮肥偏生产力随着施氮量的增加显著下降。试验结果表明施用适量氮肥可提高绿豆的增产潜力,皖科绿3号在安徽省地区种植的适宜氮肥施用量为60kg/hm^2。

In order to study the effects of nitrogen application levels on yield of mung bean cultivar Wankelü 3,4 nitrogen levels(0,30,60,90 kg/hm^2) were designed to analyze the effects of nitrogen levels on shoot dry matter accumulation,chlorophyll content,pods per plant,yield and other traits.The experimental results showed that shoot dry matter accumulation and chlorophyll content improved with the increased nitrogen application.Increasing nitrogen level could maintain plant chlorophyll content at a high level,especially at seedling and flowering stage.The number,fresh weight and dry weight of nodule showed a tendency of first increased and then decreased with the increasing of nitrogen application level.Plant height and the number of branches increased with the increasing of nitrogen application level.The effects of nitrogen level on pods per plants,yield,and agronomic efficiency of applied nitrogen were similar,these three traits showed initial increases and then decreased with the increasing of nitrogen level,the maximum values appeared at the treatment of 60 kg/hm^2 nitrogen.This also indicated that the yield was influenced by the nitrogen fertilizer mainly affected by the pods per plant.The partial factor productivity of applied nitrogen decreased significantly with the increasing of nitrogen application.This study showed that moderate application amount of nitrogen fertilizer could increase the yield potential of mung bean,and the suitable amount of nitrogen application for Wankelü 3 was 60 kg/hm^2 in Anhui Province.