喷施硒肥对胡麻子粒硒含量、产量及品质的影响

Effects of Spraying Selenium Fertilizer on Selenium Content,Yield and Quality of Flax Seed

以晋亚10号胡麻为试验材料,研究盛花期和青果期两次喷施不同剂量的硒肥对胡麻子粒硒含量、产量和品质的影响,为富硒胡麻栽培提供科学依据。供试硒肥有机硒含量6g/L,共设置6个硒肥剂量,分别是1 500mL/hm^2(T1)、3 000mL/hm^2(T2)、4 500mL/hm^2(T3)、6 000mL/hm^2(T4)、7 500mL/hm^2(T5)和清水对照(T0)。结果表明,叶面喷施硒肥能显著提高胡麻子粒硒含量,且随着硒肥喷施量的增加,胡麻子粒中的硒含量逐步增加,T5处理胡麻子粒中硒含量最高,达0.507mg/kg,是对照组胡麻含硒量的18.1倍。适量喷施硒肥能显著提高胡麻产量,具体表现是随着硒肥喷施量的增加,胡麻子粒产量先增加后减小,T4处理产量最高,达858.2kg/hm^2,比对照增产9.5%。结论:喷施合适剂量的硒肥可以提高胡麻子粒硒含量和产量,且对胡麻品质影响较小。综合分析,以有机硒含量6g/L的硒肥在盛花期和青果期进行两次喷施,6 000mL/hm^2为胡麻叶面喷施硒肥的最佳施用量。

The oil flax variety Jinya 10 was used as a test material,and different doses of selenium fertilizer were sprayed to flax at full-bloom stage and young fruit stage,to analyze their effects on yield,quality and selenium content,to provide a theoretical basis for production of selenium-rich flax.The organic selenium content of the selenium fertilizer used was 6 g/L,and 6 selenium fertilizer doses were designed,1 500 mL/hm^2(T1),3 000 mL/hm^2(T2),4 500 mL/hm^2(T3),6 000 mL/hm^2(T4),7 500 mL/hm^2(T5),0 mL/hm^2(T0).The results showed that with increasing of selenium fertilizer dose,the selenium content of flax were enhanced.Under T5 treatment,the selenium content of flax was up to 0.507 mg/kg,17.1 times higher than that of CK.Suitable dose of selenium fertilizer could improve flax yield,and the yield of flax increased initially and then decreased with the dose of selenium fertilizer increased.Under T4 treatment,flax yield was up to 858.2 kg/hm^2,increased by 9.5% compared with the control.In conclusion,suitable dose of selenium fertilizer could play a significant role in promoting yield and selenium content of flax.At full-bloom stage and young fruit stage,spraying selenium fertilizer 6 000 mL/hm^2(the organic selenium content was 6 g/L) is an optimal dose of flax foliar spraying selenium.