劳伦斯小说疾病话语的隐喻解读

Metaphoric interpretation of illness discourse in D.H.Lawrence’s novels

现代医学对流行病发生的解释由于地域区分和文化差异呈现出不同的表达形态。历代文人贤哲对这些复杂的医学问题研究虽然角度各异,但都有所建树。美国文化批评家苏珊·桑塔格在前人研究的基础上提出了“疾病隐喻”的理念。桑塔格认为,如果结合病理知识和文化特征我们会发现,特定时代都会有肺结核、癌症和心脏病等标志性和地方性流行病的发生。从文学视野看这些疾病话语可以视作个体性格和文化特征的象征符号。借助劳伦斯小说疾病话语的隐喻研究,读者可以理解桑塔格道出该理念的文化实质和真实意图。

The explanation of modern medicine for epidemic has different forms of expressions due to geographical separation and various cultural differences. Scholars and philosophers of different eras did research into the complicated medical problems, in their different views and made their own achievements. An American cultural critic, Susan Sontag, on the basis of predecessors’ research put forward the concept of "illness metaphor". Sontag believes that if we combine the pathological knowledge and cultural characteristics, we can see that the specific era will be accompanied by the iconic and local epidemic, such as tuberculosis, cancer and heart disease. From the viewpoints of literature it can be regarded as the symbol of individual character and cultural symbols. Study of metaphor of illness discourse in D.H.Lawrence’s novels can help readers effectively understand the cultural essence of the concept and the real intention of Sontag.