耕地占补平衡约束下实现乡村振兴战略的土地资源管理

Land Resources Management to Realize Rural Revitalization Strategy under the Constraints of the Balance Cultivated Land Occupation and Reclamation

党的十九大提出实施乡村振兴战略,并围绕产业兴旺、生态宜居、乡风文明、治理有效、生活富裕的总要求推进新型城镇化的建设。乡村振兴战略实施的关键是要实现城乡融合发展的目标,土地是社会经济发展的基础,耕地保护是我国的基本国策,要在乡村振兴战略实施过程中协调好耕地保护与经济发展两条路径,耕地占补平衡是必不可少的手段。文章在乡村振兴战略实施的背景下,阐述了乡村地区集体公益性建设用地、产业用地和生态用地存在的问题,探索在耕地占补平衡约束下满足各类用地需求的路径,强调耕地占补平衡要由数量、质量平衡向产能、生态占补平衡转变,达到为乡村振兴助力同时保护耕地的目的,明确提出新时期土地资源管理要以第三次国土调查为契机,以土地利用总体规划为指导,以县域为各约束性指标的控制,根据区域资源禀赋和未来发展情况合理安排各类用地,对新时期耕地占补平衡方式的改进,完善土地资源管理,实现乡村振兴具有重要意义。

The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward the rural revitalizing strategy that has risen to the level of national strategy. It promotes the development of new urbanization around the general requirements of "prosperous industry","ecological liability","local custom civilization","effective governance" and "rich life". The key to the implementation of Rural Revitalization Strategy is to achieve the goal of urban-rural integration and development. Land is the foundation of social and economic development. The protection of cultivated land is the basic national policy in our country. The balance cultivated land occupation and reclamation is an indispensable method to coordinate the development of rural economy and the protection of cultivated land in the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy. Under the background of the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy, this paper expounds the existing problems of collective public welfare construction land,industrial land and ecological land in rural areas, explores the path to satisfy the demand of various land use under the constraint of the balance cultivated land occupation and reclamation, emphasizes the transformation from quantity and quality balance to capacity and ecological balance. These are all for the purpose of Promoting Rural Revitalization and protecting cultivated land at the same time. It is clearly pointed out that land resources management in the new period should take the third national land survey as an opportunity, take the overall land use planning as the guidance, take country region as the control of each constraint index. According to the country regional resource and prospection arrange all kinds of land to guarantee the steady implementation of the rural revitalization strategy. These are of great significance to the improvement of the balance cultivated land occupation and reclamation in the new period, the improvement of land resources management and the rural revitalization.