复合菌剂对玉米秸秆的降解及土壤生态特性的影响

Effects of Compound Microbial Agent on Corn Straw Degradation and Soil Ecological Properties

还田玉米秸秆降解过程中施加含有植物内生真菌的复合菌剂,在盆栽条件下研究了该菌剂对还田秸秆的降解作用,对土壤生态以及后季作物小麦生长的影响。结果表明:添加复合菌剂能够促进玉米秸秆的降解,在前30 d时效果最显著,尤其是木质素的降解,两种复合菌剂处理组木质素降解率分别比市购秸秆腐熟剂高117.36%和242.70%;施用菌剂会显著增加小麦生长早期土壤蔗糖酶、脲酶和纤维素酶的活性,增加小麦生长早期土壤微生物数量;改善土壤理化性质,提高小麦成熟后土壤中的全氮、全钾、碱解氮和速效钾的含量;显著改善小麦生长状况,小麦返青拔节期叶片叶绿素含量显著增加,收获小麦单株生物量和单株产量也有所增加。

The effects of endophyte inoculant application on the corn straw degradation, soil ecological properties, and wheat growth were investigated in pot experiments. The results showed that the addition of the endophyte inoculant accelerated the corn straw degradation in the early stage(0-30 d). Especially, the degradation rate of the lignin with the additions of two kinds of endophyte inoculants was 117.36% and 242.70% higher than that with the addition of the microbial inoculant from the market. The application of the endophyte inoculant enhanced soil enzyme activities, such as invertase activity, urease activity and cellulase activity. The application of the endophyte inoculant also increased the number of soil microorganisms during the early stage of wheat growth and improved soil physical and chemical properties, especially the contents of soil total nitrogen, total potassium, alkali hydrolysable nitrogen and available potassium. In addition, the application of endophyte inoculant stimulated the wheat growth well, increased the contents of chlorophyll of potting wheat leaf during the elongation stage and enhanced the biomass and yield of the wheat during the maturing stage.