回授法在初诊老年2型糖尿病患者健康教育中的应用

Application of Teach-back Method in Health Education for Newly Diagnosed Elderly Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

目的探讨回授法对初诊老年2型糖尿病患者的干预效果。方法便利选取内分泌门诊就诊的初诊老年2型糖尿病患者100例为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组。对照组给与常规的健康教育,观察组给与回授法式健康教育。比较2组干预前后血糖、自我管理能力及健康素养水平。结果干预后,观察组空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖均优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P <0.05);观察组除规律运动、遵医嘱服药维度外,得分均高于对照组,具有统计学意义(P <0.05);观察组健康素养总得分及交流互动能力、改善健康意愿、经济支持意愿维度得分优于对照组,具有统计学意义(P <0.05)。结论回授法可有效改善患者血糖水平,提高患者自我管理能力及健康素养水平,有利于延缓或降低并发症的发生或发展。

Objective To explore the effects of teach-back for newly diagnosed elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods A total of 100 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were recruited and randomly divided into control group and observation group, 50 in each group. The control group was given routine health education, while the observation group was given teach-back health education. The levels of blood sugar, self-management ability and health literacy before and after intervention were compared between the two groups. Results After intervention, the fasting blood glucose and 2-hour postprandial blood glucose in the observation group were better than those in the control group, with statistical significance(P < 0.05);the scores in the observation group were higher than those in the control group except for the dimension of regular exercise and medication compliance(P < 0.05);the total score of health literacy and the dimension of communication and interaction ability, improving health willingness and economic support willingness in the observation group were better than those in the control group(P < 0.05). The control group had statistical significance(P < 0.05). Conclusion Teach-back method can effectively improve blood sugar level, improve patients’ self-management ability and health literacy level, and is conducive to delaying or reducing the occurrence or development of complications.