陶寺遗址鼓磬组合及相关问题研究

On the Musical Instrument Set of Drum-Qing at the Taosi site

通过对陶寺遗址出土音乐文物的初步研究,可以判断在陶寺文化早期大墓中很可能存在着固定的鼓磬组合关系,即鼍鼓2、石磬1、土鼓1。这一组合已经成为当时墓主人权力与地位的象征,具备了区分等级的礼乐功能,同时也证明了中国古代礼乐制度在陶寺文化早期已经初现端倪,这对中国礼乐文化的溯源和内涵研究有着重要意义。陶寺文化的鼓磬组合并不是孤立存在的,在其1000多年后的殷商时期,也作为礼乐器组合随葬在最高等级的墓葬中,而且在制作技术上比陶寺文化时期有着显著的进步。

Through a preliminary study of musical instruments from Taosi, it is evident that the combination of drums and qing already became fixed. A set should consist of two alligator-skin drums, a stone qing and a tugu drum. The set was taken as an important symbol of the tomb occupant then, which was endowed with ritual significance. It also shows that the ritual system of early China already took shape during the early Taosi period, which is crucial in understanding the ritual culture of China. The Taosi musical instrument set was not an exception, the legacy of which could also be observed in burials of the highest rank during the late Shang period.