上蔡郭庄一号楚墓“競之朝”鼎铭文及相关问题试析

On the Bronze Inscriptions from Burial No.1 at Guozhuang,Shangcai

上蔡郭庄一号楚墓出土的青铜圆盖大鼎,按照其自名来看,当为鼎,也就是饗食宾客、烹饪用鼎的意思。这件鼎涉及到器主人名,通过对名字的隶定,结合其为楚平王后裔身份以及器物时代特征等,认定器主人是楚平王之孙公孙朝。同时本文试着解析了同墓出土的競孙鬲上"競孙旟"应该是楚平王之孙公孙宁,即公孙朝之兄。通过对上述器主人名的分析,初步推断上蔡郭庄一号楚墓的墓主人是楚平王庶长子公子申,也就是公孙宁和公孙朝的父亲子西。

The No. 1 burial at Guozhuang, Shangcai, has yielded a large bronze tripod with a round lid. The bronze inscriptions refer to the vessel as a "Kang" tripod, which indicates it should have functioned as a cooking utensil for feasting guests. The owner of this tripod was Gongsuncao, a grandson of King Ping of the Chu state, based on the inscription, typology and other characteristics. The author also points out the person named "Jingsunyu" should be Gongsuncao’ s elder brother, and the occupant of the No.1 tomb at Guozhuang should be the father of Gongsuncao and Gongsunning, who was also the first son of King Ping.