广州市蚊虫种类与分布调查

Investigation on species and distribution of mosquitoes in Guangzhou

目的了解广州市蚊虫种类及其分布情况。方法采集广州市各种环境类型水体中的Ⅲ~Ⅳ龄蚊幼虫并带回实验室单独饲养至成蚊,待成蚊羽化1~2 h后处死制成针插标本并进行蚊种鉴定。结果捕获蚊虫种类5属7种,分别为库蚊属:致倦库蚊、褐尾库蚊、三带喙库蚊;伊蚊属:白纹伊蚊;按蚊属:中华按蚊;巨蚊属:华丽巨蚊;阿蚊属:骚扰阿蚊。2018年调查发现的蚊种以白纹伊蚊为主(58.36%),且其在所调查的4个区中都是优势种。从化区、增城区蚊种构成比占比第二高的蚊种均是三带喙库蚊,花都区是华丽巨蚊,南沙区是致倦库蚊。结论本次调查所发现的蚊虫种类数较1990-1993年发现的种类数少,白纹伊蚊为优势种群。

Objective To understand the species and distribution of mosquitoes in Guangzhou.Methods The larvae of 3-4 instars of mosquitoes collected from various environmental types of water bodies in Guangzhou City were brought back to the laboratory and reared separately to adult mosquitoes.After emergence of adult mosquitoes for 1-2 hours,needle insert specimens were identified.Results The five genera and seven species of mosquitoes captured were Culex:Culex quinquefasciatus,Culex fuscanus,Culex tritaeniorhynchus;Aedes:Aedes albopictus;Anopheles:Anopheles sinensis;Megarhinus:Toxorhynchites splendens;Armigeres:Armigeres obturbans.Aedes albopictus was the dominant mosquito species(58.36%) found in the survey in 2018,and was the dominant species in the four areas investigated.Culex tritaeniorhynchus took the second highest mosquito number in Conghua and Zengcheng districts,Toxorhynchites splendens took the second highest mosquito number in Huadu District,Culex quinquefasciatus took the second highest mosquito number in Nansha District.Conclusion The number of mosquito species found in this survey was less than that found in 1990-1993.Aedes albopictus was the dominant population.