道安“五失本”中的文质思想

The Thought of Literary Quality in Dao'an's "Five Lost Versions"

道安提出的"五失本"对翻译理论和实践都有重大意义。在"二失本"即"文"和"质"的问题上,学者态度不一。一些学者认为"五失本"是警策,即认为道安反对"改质从文",属"质派";另一些学者则认为"五失本"是原则,即道安赞成"二失本",是"文派"。笔者从厘定佛经翻译概念入手,考察早期佛经翻译思想史和前人考论,认为不应简单地将道安归为"质派"或"文派"。

The "five lost versions" put forward by Dao An is of great significance to translation theory and practice. Scholars have different attitudes on the issue of "two lost sources", namely "literary works" and "quality". Some scholars believe that "five lost versions" is a warning policy, that is to say, Dao An opposes "changing the quality of the text" and belongs to "the quality school";others believe that "five lost versions" is a principle, that is, Dao An supports "losing two foundations" and "the literary school". Starting with defining the concept of Buddhist Sutra translation, the author examines the history of early Buddhist sutra translation thoughts and previous textual criticisms, and holds that Dao An should not be simply classified as a "qualitative school" or a "literary school".