文冠果花瓣变色原因分析

Analysis of the Causes of the Discoloration of Xanthoceras sorbifolium

以文冠果初花期及盛花期花瓣为试材,用薄层层析色谱法(TLC)、紫外-可见分光光度计(UV)和高效液相色谱仪-二极管阵列检测器(HPLC-DAD)对花瓣中的色素进行定性定量分析,确定开花过程中花色变化的原因,以期为文冠果花色育种提供理论参考。结果表明:文冠果花瓣内含有叶绿素、类胡萝卜素、类黄酮物质,开花过程中色素组成及含量均存在变化使其花瓣呈现变色现象,叶绿素、类胡萝卜素及类黄酮含量均呈现增长趋势。在盛花期时检测到初花期花瓣中未检测到的2种花青苷飞燕草素-3-阿拉伯糖苷和矢车菊素-3-半乳糖苷是其花瓣基部呈现红色的重要原因,其含量分别为3.61mg·g^-1和9.95mg·g^-1。

The petals of the initial flowering and the flowering period of the Xanthoceras sorbifolium were used as materials,using thin layer chromatography (TLC),ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer (UV) and high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector (HPLC-DAD) qualitative and quantitative,the pigments in the petals were analysized to determine the cause of flower color changes during flowering,in order to provide a theoretical reference for the breeding of the color of the Xanthoceras sorbifolium.The results showed that the petals of phyllostachys praecox contained chlorophyll,carotenoid and flavonoid.The pigment composition and content changed during flowering,which caused the petals to change color.The contents of chlorophyll,carotenoid and flavonoid all showed an increasing trend.Two anthocyanins,delphinidin-3-arabinoside and cyanidin-3-galactoside,which were not detected in the petals at the early flowering stage,were detected at the flowering stage and were important for the red color of the base of the petals.They were 3.61 mg·g^-1 and 9.95 mg·g^-1 respectively.