高质量发展目标下市场分割的效率损失与优化路径

Efficiency Loss and Optimization Path of Market Segmentation under High Quality Development

中国经济发展进入新时代,推动区域一体化,提高生产效率是实现经济由高速增长向高质量发展阶段转换的重要支撑。本文采用广义倾向得分匹配方法,评估了国内市场分割强度对地区生产率的连续定量影响。研究发现:(1)国内市场分割对地区生产率存在“倒u型”的非线性效应,即地区生产率随着市场分割强度的增加先上升后下降。目前东、中、西部分别约有89%、85%、95%的观测点处于“倒U型”曲线的左侧,市场整合还存在很大的改善空间。(2)动态分解发现,市场分割主要通过规模效率、技术效率和技术进步三个渠道影响地区生产率。(3)市场分割会导致市场扭曲,从而引起资源配置效率的损失,而进一步扩大对外开放、注重人力资本培育和加大研发投入,能够缓解市场分割所带来的负面影响。本文的研究发现既是对“使市场在资源配置中起决定性作用”这一顶层设计的学术呼应,也为“经济高质量发展要以效率提升为基础”的改革方向提供了有益参考。

China’s economic development has entered a new era, promoting regional integration and improving production efficiency are important support for realizing the transition from high-speed growth to high-quality development. In this study, the generalized propensity score matching method(GPSM)is used to evaluate the continuous quantitative impact of domestic market segmentation intensity on regional productivity based on the counterfactual method. The study found:(1)The domestic market segmentation has a non-linear effect of "inverted U-type" on regional productivity. At present, about 89%, 85%, and 95% of the observation points in the east, middle, and west are on the left side of the inverted U-shaped curve.(2)The dynamic decomposition of regional productivity found that market segmentation mainly affects regional productivity changes through three channels: scale efficiency, technical efficiency and technological progress.(3)Market segmentation will lead to market distortion, which will result in loss of resource allocation efficiency. Further expanding the opening up to the outside world, focusing on human capital development and increasing R&D investment can alleviate the negative impact of market segmentation to a certain extent.