汽车顶板拉深成形回弹分析及补偿的研究

Research on springback analysis and compensation of drawing forming for roof panel

针对汽车覆盖件拉深成形过程中存在回弹缺陷,以有限元分析软件Dynaform为平台,对某汽车顶板进行回弹分析与补偿的研究,解决该零件在成形过程中的回弹缺陷。通过利用回弹补偿法对模具结构进行4次有效迭代补偿修正,并运用Dynaform软件对优化的模具结构进行有效性验证,成形零件的最大正向回弹量从19.048 mm下降至1.052 mm,降低了94.477%;最大反向回弹量从-8.598 mm下降至-2.172 mm,降低了74.738%。通过研究发现,采用此方法可以控制大型冲压件的回弹量,但随着回弹补偿次数的增加会使模具结构出现过度补偿现象,导致回弹量增加。

Due to the inevitable springback defect of automobile cover panel in drawing pro cess, based on the finite element analysis software Dynaform, the springback analysis and compensation of a roof panel were carried out to solve the serious springback defect. The die structure was iteration modified four times by springback compensation method, and the validity of the optimized die structure was verified by using Dynaform software. The maximum positive springback of the part decreased from 19.048 mm to 1.052 mm, which decreased by 94.477%, and the maximum reverse springback decreased from -8.598 mm to -2.172 mm, which decreased by 74.738%. The simulation results showed that this method could effectively control the springback of large stamping parts, but the phenomenon of overcompensation might be appeared if the springback compensation times increased.