博州新生儿死亡趋势分析

Analysis of the trend of neonatal death in Bozhou

目的分析近年来博州新生儿的死亡趋势,为降低新生儿死亡率提出理论依据。方法对近10年来博州监测点上报的291例死亡新生儿进行统计分析。结果全州新生儿死亡率由2008年的10.08‰下降到2017年的4.83‰,农村地区和全州地区的新生儿死亡率呈逐年下降趋势;主要死因顺位由早产及低出生体重、出生缺陷、窒息及肺炎转变为出生缺陷、窒息、早产及低出生体重。结论全州地区的新生儿死亡率呈下降趋势,农村地区的新生儿死亡率下降幅度较大;出生缺陷、窒息、早产及低出生体重的死亡率较高。应重视婚前医学检查,提高围产保健工作,加强助产机构的建设、管理及孕产期保健健康教育,是进一步降低新生儿死亡率的有效措施。

Objective To analyze the trend of neonatal mortality in Bozhou in recent years, and to provide theoretical basis for reducing neonatal mortality. Methods 291 dead newborns reported by Bozhou surveillance site in recent 10 years were analyzed statistically. Results The neonatal mortality rate decreased from 10.08 in 2008 to 4.83 in 2017. The neonatal mortality rate in rural areas and whole Prefecture decreased year by year. The main causes of death changed from premature birth and low birth weight, birth defects, asphyxia and pneumonia to birth defects, asphyxia, premature birth and low birth weight. Conclusion The neonatal mortality rate in the whole prefecture shows a downward trend, and the neonatal mortality rate in the rural areas decreases greatly. The mortality rates of birth defects, asphyxia, premature birth and low birth weight are higher. Attention should be paid to pre-marital medical examination,improving perinatal health care, strengthening the construction and management of midwifery institutions and health education during pregnancy and childbirth, which are effective measures to further reduce neonatal mortality.