外伤性晶状体脱位的治疗

Management of traumatic luxation of lens

任何原因所导致的晶状体悬韧带断裂都可引起晶状体脱位,其中外伤(包括开放性或闭合性眼外伤)是导致晶状体脱位的主要原因之一,约占22%。晶状体脱位可分为不全脱位和全脱位,不全脱位指悬韧带的部分断裂,晶状体向悬韧带断裂的相对方向移位,全脱位指悬韧带的全部断裂,脱位的晶状体可进入前房,也可进入后房或玻璃体,在极少数情况下可脱至结膜下、视网膜下、巩膜下和脉络膜上腔甚至体外。需根据不同的情况选择治疗方式,手术治疗的方式根据晶状体脱位的程度及囊袋是否完整等具体情况进行选择。

Zonules rupture of lens caused by any cause can lead to luxation of lens. Trauma is the main cause for luxation of lens, accounting for 22%. Trauma includes open ocular trauma or closed ocular trauma. Luxation of lens can be divided into subluxation and complete luxation. Subluxation refers to partial rupture of the zonules, and the lens shifts to the opposite direction of rupture of the zonules. Complete luxation refers to the complete rupture of the zonules. The luxation lens can shift to the anterior chamber, posterior chamber or vitreous. It can also fall to the subconjunctival, subretinal, subscleral and suprachoroidal space or even extracorporeal space in rare cases. The therapeutic method should be selected according to different situations. The surgical treatment is selected according to the degree of lens dislocation and whether the capsule is intact or not.